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Grades 6–8. In Unit 8.1 Contact Forces, Carolina Certified Version*, students work to answer the Unit Driving Question: "Why do things sometimes get damaged when they hit each other?"
The unit begins as students consider situations in which they have seen their phones break. They contrast these situations with others where something else collided with another object and either did break or, surprisingly, did not. Students then attempt to identify the factors that contribute to damage occurring in some collisions but not others, and try to explain what is happening during the collision that causes one type of result versus another—all of which sparks a series of questions and ideas for investigations around the question, "Why do things sometimes get damaged when they hit each other?" This drives the work for the first two parts of the unit.
In the first part of the unit, students make general observations about what happens to objects during collisions and quickly move to analyzing data that show objects deform when forces are applied. This leads students to:
In the second part of the unit, students design solutions to protect an object of their choice in a collision. They gather design input from stakeholders to refine the criteria and constraints for their design solution, and the class works together to carry out a series of investigations to answer the questions they have about optimizing their design solutions. This leads students to:
The final part of the unit re-anchors around a related question and a design problem to figure out what kinds of solutions students can design to protect fragile things from breaking.
This 5-Class Unit Kit includes basic teacher access to instructional materials on CarolinaScienceOnline.com, plus the materials needed to teach 5 classes of 32 students per day (160 students).
Building Toward NGSS Performance Expectations
Science and Engineering Practices
Focal Disciplinary Core Ideas
Focal Crosscutting Concepts
*All enhancements to materials and instruction for this Carolina Certified Version of the unit are approved by OpenSciEd to preserve the integrity of the storyline and the instructional model.
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